Stuck on the plane on the ground: your rights
Tarmac delays have strict limits. You can complain to the DOT, and airlines can be fined.
The limitsDomestic: the airline must give you the chance to deplane by 3 hours on the ground. International: 4 hours. Food and water are due within 2 hours. Working lavatories and medical attention are required.
14 CFR 259.4
14 CFR 259.4
Exceptions
The airline does not have to offer deplaning if the pilot reasonably believes safety or security is at risk, or air traffic control says leaving the gate or runway would disrupt airport operations.
What to do
- Note the time you left the gate and the times of announcements.
- Ask politely, and note who you asked, for food and water after 2 hours.
- File a complaint with the DOT with those times.
This limit is about being held on the plane. It is separate from your refund if the flight is later cancelled.
Sources: 14 CFR Part 260, 250.5, 259.4, DOT Aviation Consumer Protection. Rules can change; confirm for high-stakes claims.